Anisometropic Amblyopia

During the visual development period, if the Anisometropia of both eyes reaches a certain degree, the object image on the retina of one eye is blurred, which often leads to amblyopia. For example, hypermetropia anisometropia, when the child looks at the target, the regulatory nerve impulse is sent out according to the demand of the eye with a small refractive error, which causes the object image on the retina of the eye with a high hypermetropia to be blurred.

There are two reasons for the formation of this kind of amblyopia: first, the object image from the retina is blurred; The other is that, like the cause of strabismus amblyopia, in the process of horizontal competition in the visual cortex, competitive inhibition appears, and the eye with clear object image gradually becomes a sharp eye. The eye with blurred object image loses the competition, and finally becomes a amblyopia eye.

The incidence rate of amblyopia and the degree of amblyopia are different with the size of anisometropia. The greater the anisometropia, the higher the prevalence of amblyopia and the more severe the amblyopia.

Most of anisometropic amblyopia are foveal fixation or parafoveal fixation, with good prognosis.

1. Clinical symptoms:

The patient has poor vision and abnormal visual behavior, such as rubbing eyes, closing eyes, squinting eyes, head deflection, and likes to put the object in front of him when looking at the near object. His vision is poor and cannot be corrected. There may be stereopsis and contrast sensitivity (CS) decline, abnormal VEP examination, etc.

2. Inspection and diagnosis:

Children with amblyopia have no complaints, but abnormalities are found in the visual examination. Therefore, early visual screening is very important for the detection of amblyopia. Refractive status is very important for these children, and appropriate correction methods can be selected by judging the nature and degree of refractive error.